Volume 15, Issue 9 · IJARST · ISSN 2319-1783 / 2320-1126

Agro-Waste Valorization for Green Nanocellulose Synthesis and Quinone-Based Functionalization toward Heavy Metal Remediation: A Review

Agro-Waste Valorization for Green Nanocellulose Synthesis and Quinone-Based Functionalization toward Heavy Metal Remediation: A Review is an open-access, peer-reviewed research paper by Pritam Yuvaraj Borse , Dr. Amol P. Manake, published in Volume 15, Issue 9 of the International Journal of Advanced Research in Science and Technology (IJARST), a UGC-approved journal (Print ISSN 2319-1783, Online ISSN 2320-1126).

Author

Pritam Yuvaraj Borse , Dr. Amol P. Manake

Abstract

Heavy metals such as lead (Pb2+), mercury (Hg2+), cadmium (Cd2+), and hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) continue to find their way into rivers, groundwater, and drinking-water supplies, and they do not go away easily once they arrive: they resist biodegradation, accumulate in tissue, and remain toxic at trace levels. The materials conventionally used to remove them, activated carbon, ion-exchange resins, membrane systems, work, but they tend to be expensive, chemically intensive, or wasteful in their own right. Nanocellulose pulled from agricultural waste offers a different kind of answer. It is cheap, renewable, biodegradable, and, once its surface hydroxyl groups are functionalized, genuinely good at binding metal ions. This review pulls together what is currently known about nanocellulose extraction from underused agro-waste streams, with a particular focus on Borassus flabellifer (palmyra palm) flower waste, and pairs it with what is known about neem (Azadirachta indica) as a source of redox-active, quinone-rich phytochemicals. Along the way it looks at how nanocellulose is typically functionalized for metal capture, how quinone chemistry underlies colorimetric and electrochemical metal sensing, and the isotherm and kinetic models used to judge whether an adsorbent actually performs. The picture that emerges points to a gap nobody seems to have filled yet: grafting neem-derived quinones onto Borassus flabellifer nanocellulose through green esterification, to make a material that both captures heavy metals and signals their presence. The review closes with the characterization and evaluation benchmarks such a study would need to meet.

Keywords: nanocellulose; agro-waste valorization; Borassus flabellifer; neem quinones; heavy metal adsorption; colorimetric sensing; green chemistry

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62226/ijarst20262774

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DOI

10.62226/ijarst20262774

PAGES : 2656-2659 | 2 VIEWS | 2 DOWNLOADS

How do you cite this paper?

Pritam Yuvaraj Borse , Dr. Amol P. Manake — “Agro-Waste Valorization for Green Nanocellulose Synthesis and Quinone-Based Functionalization toward Heavy Metal Remediation: A Review.” International Journal of Advanced Research in Science and Technology (IJARST), Volume 15, Issue 9. DOI: 10.62226/ijarst20262774.

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