Volume 15, Issue 7

A Review of Antioxidants and Autoxidation: Chemistry, Sources and Strategies

Author

Seamus C. C. Phan

Abstract

Reactive species drive both product spoilage and human pathology, shifting the antioxidant paradigm from simple radical scavengers to context-dependent "physiological molecules". While existing literature treats industrial preservation and medical therapy in isolation, there is a need to potentially bridge this gap by establishing a cross-disciplinary framework to optimize stability, bioaccessibility, and redox safety. This synthesis review examines how radical mechanics align across consumer matrices and tissues, toxicological trade-offs with the shift to natural alternatives, and if advanced nano-delivery systems may overcome metabolic barriers without disrupting physiological signaling.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62226/ijarst20262733

Bibliography

1. Chandimali, N., Bak, S. G., Park, E. H., Lim, H.-J., Won, Y.-S., Kim, E.-K., Park, S.-I., & Lee, S. J. (2025). Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: A review. Cell Death Discovery, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-024-02278-8
2. Gulcin, İ. (2025). Antioxidants: A comprehensive review. Archives of Toxicology, 99(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-025-03997-2
3. Jomova, K., Raptova, R., Alomar, S. Y., Alwasel, S. H., Nepovimova, E., Kuca, K., & Valko, M. (2023). Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: Chronic diseases and aging. Archives of Toxicology, 97(10). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03562-9
4. Kıran, T. R., Otlu, O., & Karabulut, A. B. (2023). Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 47(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2022-0108
5. Kotha, R. R., Tareq, F. S., Yildiz, E., & Luthria, D. L. (2022). Oxidative stress and antioxidants, a critical review on in vitro antioxidant assays. Antioxidants, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122388
6. Losada-Barreiro, S., Sezgin-Bayindir, Z., Paiva-Martins, F., & Bravo-Díaz, C. (2022). Biochemistry of antioxidants: Mechanisms and pharmaceutical applications. Biomedicines, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123051
7. Martemucci, G., Costagliola, C., Mariano, M., D’andrea, L., Napolitano, P., & D’Alessandro, A. G. (2022). Free radical properties, source and targets, antioxidant consumption and health. Oxygen, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020006
8. Mendonça, J. da S., Guimarães, R. de C. A., Zorgetto-Pinheiro, V. A., Fernandes, C. D. P., Marcelino, G., Bogo, D., Freitas, K. de C., Hiane, P. A., Pádua Melo, E. S. de, Vilela, M. L. B., & Nascimento, V. A. do. (2022). Natural antioxidant evaluation: A review of detection methods. Molecules, 27(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113563
9. Michalak, M. (2022). Plant-derived antioxidants: Significance in skin health and the ageing process. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020585
10. Parcheta, M., Świsłocka, R., Orzechowska, S., Akimowicz, M., Choińska, R., & Lewandowski, W. (2021). Recent developments in effective antioxidants: The structure and antioxidant properties. Materials, 14(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081984
11. Stobiecka, M., Król, J., & Brodziak, A. (2022). Antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products. Animals, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12030245
12. Tumilaar, S. G., Hardianto, A., Dohi, H., & Kurnia, D. (2024). A comprehensive review of free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: Overview, clinical applications, global perspectives, future directions, and mechanisms of antioxidant activity of flavonoid compounds. Journal of Chemistry, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5594386
     

DOI

https://doi.org/10.62226/ijarst20262733

PAGES : 2184-2204 | 5 VIEWS | 1 DOWNLOADS

Download Full Article